The value of Ethiopian Birr the local currency has fallen by 30% against the US dollar after the government relaxed currency restrictions, one the country’s biggest banks, the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, has said.
The government reversed its long-standing policy of fixing the exchange rate in a bid to secure a loan of $10.7bn (£8.3bn) from the International Monetary (IMF) and World Bank.
Some Ethiopians have received the news with apprehension fearing that it will lead to a sharp rise in the cost of living at a time when inflation is already high.
The country has been struggling with chronic foreign currency shortages particularly in recent years.
The economy has suffered due to a brutal two-year civil war in the northern Tigray region, which ended in 2022, and ongoing conflicts in other regions, making it difficult for the country to attract much needed foreign investment.
Under the new policy announced by the central bank, the value of the Ethiopian currency – the birr – will be set by the market.
It comes as negotiations between the government and the IMF reach their final stage.
Analysts say the IMF has been calling for a series of reforms, including floating the currency, before it agrees to a bailout, Reuters news agency reports.
The negotiations also involve restructuring Ethiopia’s external debt of around $28bn.
In a statement on Monday morning, the head of the central bank, Mamo Mehretu, said the country was immediately introducing a competitive, market-based foreign exchange regime, in a major policy shift in half a century.
The change allows commercial banks to buy and sell foreign currencies at negotiated prices.
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